Contents

Title Page


Preface


Abstract


Definitions of Terms


Chapter 1. Introductions and Survival of Nonindigenous Species in Freshwater Systems


Section 1. Subtropical Climate


Section 2. Pathways of Introduction


Section 3. Industries that Import Nonindigenous Species


Section 4. Human Population Growth


Section 5. Human Interaction with Pests


Chapter 2. Nonindigenous Diseases and Parasites in Freshwater Systems


Section 1. Nonindigenous Diseases of Plants


Section 2. Nonindigenous Diseases and Parasites of Fishes


Section 3. Nonindigenous Diseases of Humans


Chapter 3. Nonindigenous Aquatic and Semi-Aquatic Plants in Freshwater Systems


Section 1. Nonindigenous Aquatic Plants


Hydrilla verticillata
Panicum repens
Pistia stratiotes
Alternanthera philoxeroides
Salvinia minima
Myriophyllum spicatum
Eichhornia crassipes and Eichhornia azurea
Colocasia esculenta
Brachiaria mutica
Najas ancistrocarpa
Egeria densa
Hygrophila polysperma
Myriophyllum aquaticum
Limnophila sessiliflora
Ceratopteris thalictroides
Pennisetum purpureum
Nasturtium officinale
Ipomoea aquatica

Section 2. Nonindigenous Semi-Aquatic Plants


Melaleuca quinquenervia
Schinus terebinthifolius
Casuarina equisetifolia, C. glauca, C. cunninghamiana
Mimosa pellita (M. Pigra)

Section 3. Significant Effects By Nonindigenous Aquatic Plants


Section 4. Nonbiological Control of Nuisance Plants


Section 5. Biological Control Agents Other Than Insects


Section 6. Cost of Nonbiological Control of Aquatic Nuisance Plants


Chapter 4. Nonindigenous Aquatic Mollusks

Chapter 5. Nonindigenous Aquatic Insects in Freshwater Systems

Section 1. Imported Insects for Biological Control Agents of Aquatic Nonindigenous Plant Species


Section 2. Nonindigenous Nonaquatic Insects of Special interest

Chapter 6. Nonindigenous Fishes in Freshwater Systems


Section 1. International Trade of Nonindigenous Fish


Section 2. National Trade of Nonindigenous Fishes


Section 3. Potential Effects of Nonindigenous Fishes


Section 4. Tropical Fish Industry in Florida


Section 5. Established Nonindigenous Fish Species in Florida


Cyprinidae - Carps and Minnows
Cobitidae - Loaches
Characidae - Characins
Clariidae - Labyrinth Catfishes
Loricariidae - Suckermouth Catfishes
Poeciliidae - Livebearers
Cichlidae - Cichlids
Anabantidae


Chapter 7. Nonindigenous Amphibians and Reptiles

Chapter 8. Nonindigenous Aquatic Birds

Section 1. Importation of Nonindigenous Birds


Section 2. Pathways of Introduction


Section 3. Nonindigenous Nonaquatic Birds of Special Interest

Chapter 9. Nonindigenous Aquatic Mammals in Freshwater Systems

Chapter 10. Nonindigenous Nonaquatic Mammals of High Visibility

Chapter 11. Introductions and Survival of Nonindigenous Species in the Marine Environment

Section 1. Nonindigenous Diseases in the Marine Environment


Section 2. Nonindigenous Euryhaline Plants


Section 3. Nonindigenous Euryhaline Invertebrates


Section 4. Nonindigenous Euryhaline Fishes


Chapter 12. Regulations for the Import of Fishes, Wildlife, Plants, and Insects


Section 1. Nuisance-Plant Regulations


Section 2. Regulations for the Control of Fishes and Wildlife


Section 3. Regulations for the Use of Insects as Biological Control Agents


Conclusions


Acknowledgments


Tables


Figures


Cited Literature