TABLE 6

Nonindigenous Aquatic Insects that were introduced or immigrated into Florida

Family Scientific Name Common Name Pathway of Introduction Status Reference
Chrysomelidae Microtheca ochroloma
IM-watercress E Chamberlin & Tippins 1948
Chironomidae Goeldichironomus amazonicus
IM- aquatic plants E Wirth 1979
Culicidae Aedes albopictus Asian tiger mosquito IM-tires E O'Meara et al. 1991, 1992

Aedes bahamensis
IM-tires E O'Meara et al. 1989; Parfume et al. 1988
Pyralidae Parapoynx diminutalis
IM& BC hydrilla E del Fosse et al. 1976; Buckingham & Habeck 1990
Aeshinidae Coryphaeschna adnexa blue-faced darner IM E Dunkle 1989
Lestidae Lestes spumarius Antillen spreadwing IM E Dunkle 1989
Libellulidae Crocothemis servilia scarlet skimmer;Asiatic dragonfly IM E Paulson et al. 1988

Erythemis plebeja black pondhawk IM E Dunkle 1989

Micrathyria aequalis spottailed skimmer IM E Dunkle 1989

Micrathyria didyma three-striped skimmer IM E Dunkle 1989

Aedes aegypti yellow fever mosquito IM-shipping E Skiles 1989; Frank 1981
*Culicidae Toxorhynchites amboinensis
BC-A aegypti NE Frank & McCoy 1993
* Toxorhynchites splendens
BC- A aegypti NE Frank & McCoy 1993
*Curculionidae Neohydronomus affinis
BC- water lettuce E Dray et al. 1990
*Noctuidae Spodoptera pectinicornis
BC- water lettuce US AD 1986,1987, 1988; Buckingham & Habeck 1990
*Chrysomelidae Agasicles hygrophila alligatorweed flea beetle BC- alligatorweed E Center et al. 1991
*Phlaeothripidae Amynothrips andersoni alligatorweed thrips BC- alligatorweed E Center et al. 1991
*Pyralidae Vogtia malloi alligatorweed stem borer BC- alligatorweed E Center et al. 1991
*Curculionidae Eubrychius spp.
BC- watermilfoil T AD 1991
* Phytobius leucogaster
BC- alligatorweed NE Buckingham & Habeck 1990; AD 1978, 1979
*Pyralidae Acentria ephemerella
BC- alligatorweed T AD 1975, 1976, 1978
* Parapoynx stratiotata
BC- alligatorweed T AD 1975, 1976; BIRL 1992
*Curculionidae Bagous affinis
BC-hydrilla NE Buckingham & Habeck 1990
* Bagous dilgiri
BC-hydrilla T AD 1983; Bennett & Buckingham 1991
* Bagous laevigatus
BC-hydrilla T AD 1983, 1986
* Bagous vicinus
BC- hydrilla T AD 1983; Bennett & Buckingham 1982
* Bagous hydrillae
BC-hydrilla US AD 1988, 1991; Center 1992
*Chironomidae Polypedilum dewulfi
BC-hydrilla L AD 1990
* Polypedilum wittae
BC-hydrilla L Frank & McCoy 1993
*Ephydridae Hydrellia balciunasi
BC-hydrilla E AD 1988, 1989, 1991
* Hydrellia pakistanae
BC- hydrilla E Buckingham 1988; Buckingham 1988; Buckingham & Okrah 1993
* Hydrellia sarahae
BC-hydrilla US AD 1990
*Curculionidae Neochetina bruchi weevil BC-waterhyacinth E Charudattan 1986
* Neochetina eichhorniae weevil BC-waterhyacinth E Charudattan 1986
* Acigona infusella
BC-waterhyacinth L AD 1974, 1975
*Pyralidae Sameodes albiguttalis
BC-waterhyacinth E Charudattan 1986; Center & Durden 1984

Orthogalumna terebrantis oribatid mite IM-waterhyacinth E Buckingham & Habeck 1990
*Hypomycetes Cercospora rodmanii weevil BC-waterhyacinth US Conway & Freeman 1977; Center et al. 1991
*Curculionidae Oxyops vitiosa weevil BC-melaleuca US Leist 1993
Formicidae Solenopsis invicta red imported fire ant IM E Davidson & Stone 1989
Bibionidae Plecia nearctica love bug IM E Peckham 1977

E=established; NE=not established; BC=biological control agent; IM=immigrated; L=loss during evaluation; T=study terminated; US=presently under study Back to top
*=biological control agent
Major references other than those listed above are Frank & McCoy 1992, 1993; Stoetzel 1989.

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